Step 22: Create a DNS record in Designate
Start
The Openstack Optimist platform includes a technology called DNS-as-a-Service (DNSaaS), also known as Designate. DNSaaS includes a REST API for domain and records management, is multi-tenant and integrates the OpenStack Identity Service (Keystone) for authentication.
In this step, we will create a fictitious zone (domain) with MX and A records and store the appropriate IP/CNAME.
The first step is to revisit the access data in “Step 4: Our way to the console” and ensure that the python-designateclient is installed (pip install python-openstackclient python-designateclient) The next step is to serve the Openstack client and create a zone for our project.
$ openstack zone create --email webmaster@foobar.cloud foobar.cloud.
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | CREATE |
| attributes | |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T06:45:24.000000 |
| description | None |
| email | webmaster@foobar.cloud |
| id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| masters | |
| name | foobar.cloud. |
| pool_id | bb031d0d-b8ca-455a-8963-50ec70fe57cf |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| serial | 1534315524 |
| status | PENDING |
| transferred_at | None |
| ttl | 3600 |
| type | PRIMARY |
| updated_at | None |
| version | 1 |
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
Note the trailing “.” is required for the zone/domain to be created. The result so far:
$ openstack zone list
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------+--------+--------+
| id | name | type | serial | status | action |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------+--------+--------+
| 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 | foobar.cloud. | PRIMARY | 1534315524 | ACTIVE | NONE |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------+--------+--------+
$ openstack zone show foobar.cloud.
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | NONE |
| attributes | |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T06:45:24.000000 |
| description | None |
| email | webmaster@foobar.cloud |
| id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| masters | |
| name | foobar.cloud. |
| pool_id | bb031d0d-b8ca-455a-8963-50ec70fe57cf |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| serial | 1534315524 |
| status | ACTIVE |
| transferred_at | None |
| ttl | 3600 |
| type | PRIMARY |
| updated_at | 2018-08-15T06:45:30.000000 |
| version | 2 |
+----------------+--------------------------------------+
The domain “foobar.cloud” is now registered and ready to use (status: ACTIVE) for our project. In the next step, we want to create MX records (records for mail servers in this zone) for this domain.
But first let’s see the content (recordsets) that already exist in your new zone.
$ openstack recordset list foobar.cloud.
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| id | name | type | records | status | action |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4b666317-6170-4d71-8962-94f1cbe94dda | foobar.cloud. | NS | dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. | | |
| 7915c9c1-de30-4144-b82b-36295687b0fe | foobar.cloud. | SOA | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. webmaster.foobar.cloud. 1534315524 3507 600 86400 3600 | ACTIVE | NONE |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
Here you see an “empty shell” of a domain with automatically generated NS and SOA records which are ready to be queried.
$ dig +short @dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud foobar.cloud NS
dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud.
dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud.
$ dig +short @dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud foobar.cloud SOA
dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. webmaster.foobar.cloud. 1534315524 3507 600 86400 3600
Creating an MX record: You can now add, modify, or delete records within this zone (openstack recordset –help). For MX records we also set up the typical mail server priorities (10,20), where the lower value is always selected first and the second entry serves as a “backup”.
$ openstack recordset create --record '10 mx1.foobar.cloud.' --record '20 mx2.foobar.cloud.' --type MX foobar.cloud. foobar.cloud.
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | CREATE |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T07:15:32.000000 |
| description | None |
| id | 4197e380-dc61-4e1d-bf92-0dcf5344eafa |
| name | foobar.cloud. |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| records | 10 mx1.foobar.cloud. |
| | 20 mx2.foobar.cloud. |
| status | PENDING |
| ttl | None |
| type | MX |
| updated_at | None |
| version | 1 |
| zone_id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| zone_name | foobar.cloud. |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
$ openstack recordset list foobar.cloud.
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+--------+
| id | name | type | records | status | action |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+--------+
| 4b666317-6170-4d71-8962-94f1cbe94dda | foobar.cloud. | NS | dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. | | |
| 7915c9c1-de30-4144-b82b-36295687b0fe | foobar.cloud. | SOA | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. webmaster.foobar.cloud. 1534317332 3507 600 86400 3600 | PENDING | UPDATE |
| 4197e380-dc61-4e1d-bf92-0dcf5344eafa | foobar.cloud. | MX | 20 mx2.foobar.cloud. | PENDING | CREATE |
| | | | 10 mx1.foobar.cloud. | | |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+--------+
$ openstack recordset create --type A --record 1.2.3.4 foobar.cloud. www
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | CREATE |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T07:28:15.000000 |
| description | None |
| id | d932688f-21d5-44b1-aa27-030c342788e7 |
| name | www.foobar.cloud. |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| records | 1.2.3.4 |
| status | PENDING |
| ttl | None |
| type | A |
| updated_at | None |
| version | 1 |
| zone_id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| zone_name | foobar.cloud. |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
Result:
$ openstack recordset list foobar.cloud.
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| id | name | type | records | status | action |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4b666317-6170-4d71-8962-94f1cbe94dda | foobar.cloud. | NS | dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. | | |
| 7915c9c1-de30-4144-b82b-36295687b0fe | foobar.cloud. | SOA | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. webmaster.foobar.cloud. 1534318095 3507 600 86400 3600 | ACTIVE | NONE |
| 4197e380-dc61-4e1d-bf92-0dcf5344eafa | foobar.cloud. | MX | 20 mx2.foobar.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | 10 mx1.foobar.cloud. | | |
| d932688f-21d5-44b1-aa27-030c342788e7 | www.foobar.cloud. | A | 1.2.3.4 | ACTIVE | NONE |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
Once the recordsets are active you can use the designated DNS servers:
- dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud
- dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud
Query for these records:
$ dig +short @dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud foobar.cloud NS
dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud.
dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud.
$ dig +short @dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud foobar.cloud MX
10 mx1.foobar.cloud.
20 mx2.foobar.cloud.
$ dig +short @dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud foobar.cloud www.foobar.cloud
1.2.3.4
ATTENTION! At this time, this domain (foobar.cloud) is not yet resolvable worldwide.
For this construct to be used worldwide, each domain managed by Designate must have delegation to the name servers dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud and dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud established by the respective registrar.
Details about our authoritative DNS servers:
- dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud: ‘185.116.244.45’ / ‘2a00:c320:0:1::d’
- dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud: ‘185.116.244.46’ / ‘2a00:c320:0:1::e’
In order to complete the mail records, it is still advisable to store corresponding A-records for the mail servers
$ openstack recordset create --type A --record 2.3.4.5 foobar.cloud. mx1
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | CREATE |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T07:42:31.000000 |
| description | None |
| id | 630d5103-7c02-4a58-83a5-97f802cf141c |
| name | mx1.foobar.cloud. |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| records | 2.3.4.5 |
| status | PENDING |
| ttl | None |
| type | A |
| updated_at | None |
| version | 1 |
| zone_id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| zone_name | foobar.cloud. |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
and
$ openstack recordset create --type A --record 3.4.5.6 foobar.cloud. mx2
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| action | CREATE |
| created_at | 2018-08-15T07:42:56.000000 |
| description | None |
| id | 2b47dbe4-70b9-4edb-ac2f-25cb8398bacb |
| name | mx2.foobar.cloud. |
| project_id | 2b62bc8ff48445f394d0318dbd058967 |
| records | 3.4.5.6 |
| status | PENDING |
| ttl | None |
| type | A |
| updated_at | None |
| version | 1 |
| zone_id | 036ae6e6-6318-47e1-920f-be518d845fb5 |
| zone_name | foobar.cloud. |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
Result after a few seconds:
$ openstack recordset list foobar.cloud.
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| id | name | type | records | status | action |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4b666317-6170-4d71-8962-94f1cbe94dda | foobar.cloud. | NS | dns1.ddns.innovo.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. | | |
| 7915c9c1-de30-4144-b82b-36295687b0fe | foobar.cloud. | SOA | dns2.ddns.innovo.cloud. webmaster.foobar.cloud. 1534318976 3507 600 86400 3600 | ACTIVE | NONE |
| 4197e380-dc61-4e1d-bf92-0dcf5344eafa | foobar.cloud. | MX | 20 mx2.foobar.cloud. | ACTIVE | NONE |
| | | | 10 mx1.foobar.cloud. | | |
| d932688f-21d5-44b1-aa27-030c342788e7 | www.foobar.cloud. | A | 1.2.3.4 | ACTIVE | NONE |
| 630d5103-7c02-4a58-83a5-97f802cf141c | mx1.foobar.cloud. | A | 2.3.4.5 | ACTIVE | NONE |
| 2b47dbe4-70b9-4edb-ac2f-25cb8398bacb | mx2.foobar.cloud. | A | 3.4.5.6 | ACTIVE | NONE |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+--------+
Conclusion
In this step, you have learned how to create a zone, configure a record set, and query it.